Vue Composition API 핵심 패턴 w. 타입스크립트

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createApp(App)
  .use(플러그인)
  .component(컴포넌트)
  .mount('#app')

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<script setup lang="ts">
  // 스크립트(JS)
</script>

<template>
  <!-- 템플릿(HTML) -->
</template>

<style scoped lang="scss">
  /* 스타일(CSS) */
</style>

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<template>
  <div></div>
</template>

<style scoped>
div {
  color: red;
}
</style>

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<style>
  div[data-v-7a7a37b1] {
    color: red;
  }
</style>
<div data-v-7a7a37b1></div>

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<div data-v-7a7a37b1 class="parent">
  <div data-v-7a7a37b1 data-v-0904fc8e class="child-wrap">
    <div data-v-0904fc8e class="child">
      CHILD
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

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<style scoped lang="scss"></style>
<style scoped></style>
<style></style>

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<script setup>
import { ref, reactive } from 'vue'

const refPrimitive = ref(123) // 반응성 O
const reactivePrimitive = reactive(123) // 반응성 X
console.log(refPrimitive.value) // 123
console.log(reactivePrimitive === 123) // true

const user = {
  name: 'HEROPY',
  age: 85
}
const refUser = ref(user)
const reactiveUser = reactive(user)

console.log(refUser.value.name) // 'HEROPY'
console.log(reactiveUser.name) // 'HEROPY'

console.log(refUser.value.age) // 85
console.log(reactiveUser.age) // 85
</script>

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<template>
  <div>{{ refPrimitive }}</div>
  <div>{{ reactivePrimitive }}</div>

  <div>{{ refUser.name }}</div>
  <div>{{ reactiveUser.name }}</div>
  
  <div>{{ refUser.age }}</div>
  <div>{{ reactiveUser.age }}</div>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { reactive } from 'vue'

const reactivePrimitive = reactive(123) // 'number' 형식의 인수는 'object' 형식의 매개 변수에 할당될 수 없습니다.ts(2345)
</script>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const data = 123 // 일반 데이터
const reactiveData = ref(123) // 반응형 데이터
</script>

<template>
  <div>{{ data }}</div>
  <div>{{ reactiveData }}</div>
</template>

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<div>123</div>
<div>123</div>

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<script setup lang="ts">
  const rawHtml = '<div style="color: red;">HTML 출력</div>'
</script>

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<template>
  <div>{{ rawHtml }}</div>
  <div v-html="rawHtml"></div>
</template>

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<div>&lt;div style="color: red;"&gt;HTML 출력&lt;/div&gt;</div>
<div style="color: red;">HTML 출력</div>

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<요소 v-bind:속성="데이터" />
<요소 :속성="데이터" />
<요소 v-bind="속성_객체" />

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const name = ref('hello-world')
const isValid = ref(true)
const attrs = ref({
  id: 'hello-world',
  disabled: true,
})
</script>

<template>  
  <!-- 일반 속성 바인딩 -->
  <div :id="name"></div>
  
  <!-- 불린 속성 바인딩 -->
  <input :disabled="isValid" />

  <!-- 여러 속성을 객체로 바인딩 -->
  <button v-bind="attrs">버튼!</button>
</template>

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<div id="hello-world"></div>

<input disabled />

<button id="hello-world" disabled>버튼!</button>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const attrName = ref('id')
const attrValue = ref('hello')
</script>

<template>
  <button @click="attrName = attrName === 'id' ? 'class' : 'id'">Toggle attribute name!</button>
  <h1 :[attrName]="attrValue">Hello!</h1>
</template>

<style scoped>
#hello {
  color: red;
}
.hello {
  color: blue;
}
</style>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const name = ref('HEROPY')
const age = ref(123)
const isValid = ref(true)

function add(a: number, b: number) {
  return a + b
}
</script>

<template>
  <div>{{ name.split('').reverse().join('') }}</div>
  <div>{{ age - 100 }}</div>
  <div>{{ isValid ? 'YES' : 'NO' }}</div>
  <div :id="`hello-${name}`">{{ add(age, 85) }}</div>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const isActive = ref(true)
const error = ref(false)
const status = ref('primary')

const cssClasses = ref({
  active: true,
  error: false
})
</script>

<template>
  <!-- 객체로 바인딩 -->
  <div 
    class="btn"
    :class="{ 
      active: isActive,
      error,
      [`btn-${status}`]: true,
    }"></div>
  
  <!-- 배열로 바인딩 -->
  <div
    class="btn"
    :class="[
      isActive ? 'active' : '',
      error ? 'error' : '',
      `btn-${status}`,
    ]"></div>
  
  <!-- 객체와 배열을 함께 사용 -->
  <div
    class="btn"
    :class="[
      cssClasses,
      `btn-${status}`,
    ]"></div>
</template>

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<div class="btn active btn-primary"></div>
<div class="btn active btn-primary"></div>
<div class="btn active btn-primary"></div>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const color = ref('red')
const size = ref(16)

const colorStyles = {
  color: 'red',
  backgroundColor: 'blue',
}
</script>

<template>
  <!-- 객체로 바인딩 -->
  <div 
    :style="{ 
      color,
      fontSize: `${size}px`,
      backgroundColor: colorStyles.backgroundColor
    }"></div>
  
  <!-- 배열로 바인딩 -->
  <!-- 여러 스타일 객체를 사용하기 위한 패턴 -->
  <div
    :style="[
      colorStyles,
      { fontSize: `${size}px` },
    ]"></div>
</template>

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<div style="color: red; font-size: 16px; background-color: blue;"></div>
<div style="color: red; font-size: 16px; background-color: blue;"></div>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, onMounted } from 'vue'

const inputEl = ref<HTMLInputElement | null>(null)

onMounted(() => {
  inputEl.value?.focus()
})
</script>

<template>
  <input ref="inputEl" />
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, onMounted } from 'vue'

const fruits = ref(['Apple', 'Banana', 'Orange'])
const liEls = ref<HTMLLIElement[]>([])

onMounted(() => {
  liEls.value.forEach((liEl) => {
    console.log(liEl.textContent) // Apple, Banana, Orange
  })
})
</script>

<template>
  <ul>
    <li
      v-for="fruit in fruits"
      ref="liEls"
      :key="fruit">
      {{ fruit }}
    </li>
  </ul>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const isShow = ref(true)
const list = ref([])
</script>

<template>
  <!-- v-if -->
  <div v-if="isShow"></div>
  <div v-if="isShow && list.length"></div>
  <div v-if="isShow || list.length"></div>
  
  <!-- v-else -->
  <div v-if="isShow"></div>
  <div v-else></div>

  <!-- v-else-if -->
  <div v-if="isShow"></div>
  <div v-else-if="list.length"></div>
  <div v-else></div>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const isShow = ref(true)
</script>

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<template>
  <h1 v-if="isShow"></h1>
  <div v-if="isShow"></div>
  <p v-if="isShow"></p>
</template>

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<template>
  <div v-if="isShow">
    <h1></h1>
    <div></div>
    <p></p>
  </div>
</template>

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<template v-if="isShow">
  <h1></h1>
  <div></div>
  <p></p>
</template>

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<div
  v-for="아이템_변수 in 배열_데이터"
  :key="고유한_원시형">
</div>

<div
  v-for="(아이템_변수, 인덱스) in 배열_데이터"
  :key="고유한_원시형">
</div>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const users = ref([
  { name: 'Neo', age: 85 },
  { name: 'Lewis', age: 22 },
  { name: 'Evan', age: 46 }
])
</script>

<template>
  <div
    v-for="(user, index) in users"
    :key="user.name"
    :data-user-name="user.name"
    :data-user-age="user.age">
    {{ index + 1 }}) {{ user.name }}({{ user.age }})
  </div>
</template>

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<div data-user-name="Neo" data-user-age="85"> 1) Neo(85) </div>
<div data-user-name="Lewis" data-user-age="22"> 2) Lewis(22) </div>
<div data-user-name="Evan" data-user-age="46"> 3) Evan(46) </div>

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<div
  v-for="값 in 객체_데이터"
  :key="고유한_원시형">
</div>

<div
  v-for="(값, 속성) in 객체_데이터"
  :key="고유한_원시형">
</div>

<div
  v-for="(값, 속성, 인덱스) in 객체_데이터"
  :key="고유한_원시형">
</div>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const userInfo = ref({
  name: 'Neo',
  age: 85,
  emails: ['thesecon@gmail.com', 'neo@zillinks.com']
})
</script>

<template>
  <div
    v-for="(value, key, index) in userInfo"
    :key="key">
    <template v-if="Array.isArray(value)">
      {{ index + 1 }}) {{ key }}: {{ value.join(', ') }}
    </template>
    <template v-else>
      {{ index + 1 }}) {{ key }}: {{ value }}
    </template>
  </div>
</template>

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<div>1) name: Neo</div>
<div>2) age: 85</div>
<div>3) emails: thesecon@gmail.com, neo@zillinks.com</div>

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<template>
  <div 
    v-for="n in 4" 
    :key="n">
    {{ n }}
  </div>
</template>

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<div>1</div>
<div>2</div>
<div>3</div>
<div>4</div>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const isShow = ref(true)
const list = ref([1, 2, 3])
</script>

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<!-- 권장하지 않는 방법 -->
<template>
  <div
    v-if="isShow"
    v-for="item in list" 
    :key="item">
    {{ item }}  
  </div>
</template>

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<!-- 권장하는 방법 -->
<template v-if="isShow">
  <div
    v-for="item in list" 
    :key="item">
    {{ item }}  
  </div>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const list = ref([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10])
</script>

<template>
  <ul>
    <template
      v-for="item in list"
      :key="item">
      <li v-if="item > 3 && item < 8">
        {{ item }}
      </li>
    </template>
  </ul>
</template>

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<ul>
  <li>4</li>
  <li>5</li>
  <li>6</li>
  <li>7</li>
</ul>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const count = ref(0)

function handler() {
  count.value += 1
}
</script>

<template>
  <h1>{{ count }}</h1>
  <button @click="count += 1">증가!</button> <!-- 인라인 핸들러 -->
  <button @click="handler">증가!</button> <!-- 메소드 핸들러 -->
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const urls = ref([
  'heropy.dev',
  'github.com',
  'google.com',
])

function handler(name: string, event: MouseEvent) {
  event.preventDefault()
  location.href = `https://${name}`
}
</script>

<template>
  <a 
    v-for="url in urls" 
    :key="url" 
    :href="`https://${url}`" 
    @click="handler(url, $event)">
    {{ url }}
  </a>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const count = ref(0)

function increase() {
  count.value += 1
}
function log(event: MouseEvent) {
  console.log(event)
}
</script>

<template>
  <h1>{{ count }}</h1>
  <button @click="increase(), log($event)">증가!</button>
  <button @click="increase(); log($event)">증가!</button>
</template>

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<template>
  <a @click.stop="handler">클릭!</a>
  <input @keydown.stop="handler" />
  
  <!-- 핸들러 없이 수식어만 사용 -->
  <a @click.stop>클릭!</a>
  <input @keydown.stop />

  <!-- 수식어 체이닝 -->
  <a @click.stop.prevent="handler">클릭!</a>
  <input @keydown.stop.enter="handler" />
  
  <!-- 정확한 키 조합 -->
  <a @click.ctrl.exact="handler">클릭!</a>
  <input @keydown.alt.enter.exact="handler" />
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const text = ref('')
</script>

<template>
  <!-- 양방향 데이터 바인딩 -->
  <input
    :value="text"
    @input="text = ($event.target as HTMLInputElement).value" />

  <!-- v-model 디렉티브를 통한 양방향 데이터 바인딩 -->
  <input v-model="text" />
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const text = ref('')
</script>

<template>
  <!-- 일반적인 경우, -->
  <input v-model="text" />
  <!-- 한글이 필요한 경우, -->
  <input
    :value="text"
    @input="text = ($event.target as HTMLInputElement)?.value" />
  <h1>{{ text }}</h1>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const text = ref('')
</script>

<template>
  <!-- 일반적인 경우, -->
  <textarea v-model="text"></textarea>
  <!-- 한글이 필요한 경우, -->
  <textarea
    :value="text"
    @input="text = ($event.target as HTMLTextAreaElement)?.value"></textarea>
  <pre>{{ text }}</pre>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const checked = ref(false)
</script>

<template>
  <label>
    <input
      v-model="checked"
      type="checkbox" />
    동의합니다.
  </label>
  <h2>동의 여부: {{ checked ? '예' : '아니오' }}</h2>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

interface Fruit {
  text: string
  value: string
}
const fruits = ref<Fruit[]>([
  { text: '사과', value: 'apple' },
  { text: '바나나', value: 'banana' },
  { text: '체리', value: 'cherry' }
])
const checked = ref<string[]>([])

function setChecked(event: Event, fruit: Fruit) {
  checked.value = (event.target as HTMLInputElement)?.checked
    ? checked.value.concat([fruit.value])
    : checked.value.filter(v => v !== fruit.value)
}
</script>

<template>
  <label
    v-for="fruit in fruits"
    :key="fruit.value">
    <input
      :checked="checked.includes(fruit.value)"
      :value="fruit.value"
      type="checkbox"
      @change="setChecked($event, fruit)" />
    {{ fruit.text }}
  </label>
  <h2>선택된 과일: {{ checked.join(', ') }}</h2>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

interface Fruit {
  text: string
  value: string
}
const fruits = ref<Fruit[]>([
  { text: '사과', value: 'apple' },
  { text: '바나나', value: 'banana' },
  { text: '체리', value: 'cherry' }
])
const picked = ref('')
</script>

<template>
  <label
    v-for="fruit in fruits"
    :key="fruit.value">
    <input
      v-model="picked"
      type="radio"
      :value="fruit.value" />
    {{ fruit.text }}
  </label>
  <h2>선택된 과일: {{ picked }}</h2>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

interface Fruit {
  text: string
  value: string
}
const fruits = ref<Fruit[]>([
  { text: '사과', value: 'apple' },
  { text: '바나나', value: 'banana' },
  { text: '체리', value: 'cherry' }
])
const selected = ref('')
</script>

<template>
  <select v-model="selected">
    <option
      value=""
      disabled>
      가장 좋아하는 과일을 선택하세요.
    </option>
    <option
      v-for="fruit in fruits"
      :key="fruit.value"
      :value="fruit.value">
      {{ fruit.text }}
    </option>
  </select>
  <h2>선택된 과일: {{ selected }}</h2>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const fruits = ref([
  { text: '사과', value: 'apple' },
  { text: '바나나', value: 'banana' },
  { text: '체리', value: 'cherry' }
])
const selected = ref<string[]>([])
</script>

<template>
  <select
    v-model="selected"
    multiple>
    <option
      value=""
      disabled>
      가장 좋아하는 과일을 선택하세요.
    </option>
    <option
      v-for="fruit in fruits"
      :key="fruit.value"
      :value="fruit.value">
      {{ fruit.text }}
    </option>
  </select>
  <h2>선택된 과일: {{ selected }}</h2>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, watch } from 'vue'

const text = ref('')
const inputEl = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null)

// text 갱신과 inputEl 내용을 동기화
watch(text, newValue => {
  if (inputEl.value && inputEl.value.innerText !== newValue) {
    inputEl.value.innerText = newValue
  }
})
</script>

<template>
  <div
    ref="inputEl"
    contenteditable
    @input="text = (inputEl as HTMLDivElement)?.innerText"></div>
  <pre>{{ text }}</pre>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

const text = ref('')
const count = ref(0)
</script>

<template>
  <input v-model.lazy="text" />
  <input v-model.number="count" />
  <input v-model.trim="text" />
</template>

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const 계산된_데이터 = computed(게터)

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'

const count = ref(0)
const double = computed(() => count.value * 2)

function increase() {
  count.value += 1
}
</script>

<template>
  <div>{{ count }}</div>
  <div>{{ double }}</div>
  <button @click="increase">증가!</button>
</template>

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const 계산된_데이터 = computed({
  get: 게터,
  set: 세터
})

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'

const count = ref(0)
const double = computed({
  get: () => count.value * 2,
  set: val => {
    count.value = val / 2
  }
})

function increase() {
  double.value += 1
}
</script>

<template>
  <div>{{ count }}</div>
  <div>{{ double }}</div>
  <button @click="increase">증가!</button>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, watch, watchEffect } from 'vue'

const count = ref(1)

watch(count, (newVal, oldVal) => {
  console.log(newVal, oldVal) // 7, 1
})

watchEffect(() => {
  console.log(count.value) // 1 // 7
})
</script>

<template>
  <!-- 버튼 클릭! -->
  <button @click="count = 7">새로운 값 할당!</button>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, watch, watchEffect } from 'vue'

const count = ref(1)
const double = ref(2)

watch([count, double], ([newCount, newDouble], [oldCount, oldDouble]) => {
  console.log(newCount, oldCount) // 7, 1
  console.log(newDouble, oldDouble) // 14, 2
})

watchEffect(() => {
  console.log(count.value) // 1 // 7
  console.log(double.value) // 2 // 14
})

function assignValue() {
  count.value = 7
  double.value = 14
}
</script>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, watch, watchEffect } from 'vue'

const user = ref({
  name: 'HEROPY',
  address: {
    city: 'Busan'
  }
})

watch(user, newVal => {
  console.log(newVal) // 반응 없음!
})

watch(
  user,
  newVal => {
    console.log(newVal) // user 객체
  },
  {
    deep: true // 암시적 깊은 감시
  }
)

watch(
  () => user.value.address.city, // 명시적 깊은 감시
  newVal => {
    console.log(newVal) // 'Seoul'
  }
)

watchEffect(() => {
  console.log(user.value.address.city) // 'Busan' // 'Seoul'
})
</script>

<template>
  <!-- 버튼 클릭! -->
  <button @click="user.address.city = 'Seoul'">새로운 값 할당!</button>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, watch, watchEffect } from 'vue'

const count = ref(0)

const unwatch = watch(count, (newVal, oldVal) => {
  console.log('watch:', newVal, oldVal)
})

const unwatchEffect = watchEffect(() => {
  console.log('watchEffect:', count.value)
})
</script>

<template>
  <button @click="count += 1">새로운 값 할당!</button>
  <button @click="unwatch">watch() 감시 종료</button>
  <button @click="unwatchEffect">watchEffect() 감시 종료</button>
</template>

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<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref, onMounted } from 'vue'

const inputEl = ref<HTMLInputElement | null>(null)

onMounted(() => {
  inputEl.value?.focus()
})
</script>

<template>
  <input ref="inputEl" />
</template>

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interface Props {
  // Prop 타입..
}
let props = defineProps<Props>()
props = withDefaults(props, { // Props에 기본값이 필요한 경우에만 사용!
  // 기본값..
})

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const emit = defineEmits(['커스텀이벤트', ...], 데이터)

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<template>
  <MyComponent>
    <h2></h2>
    <div></div>
    <p></p>
  </MyComponent>
</template>

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<button class="btn">버튼 이름이 없습니다..</button>
<button class="btn">클릭하세요!</button>

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<button class="btn">
  ABC
  DEFAULT
  XYZ
</button>

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<button>메뉴! (false)</button>
<!-- v-if -->

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<div c="C" d="D">
  <span>Hello!</span>
</div>

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<div>
  <span>Hello!</span>
</div>
<h2>Hi?</h2>
<p>Greetings~</p>

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<script setup lang="ts">
defineProps<{
  a?: string
  b?: number
}>()
</script>

<template>
  <div>
    <span v-bind="$attrs">Hello!</span>
  </div>
  <h2>Hi?</h2>
  <p>Greetings~</p>
</template>

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<div>
  <span c="C" d="D">Hello!</span>
</div>
<h2>Hi?</h2>
<p>Greetings~</p>

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{
  c: "C",
  d: "D",
  onClick: f handler()
}

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// 상위 컴포넌트
provide(이름, 데이터)

// 하위 컴포넌트
const 데이터 = inject(이름)